Living rural in the city is great – you can do it, too.

Category: Biophilia (page 1 of 3)

Childhood goal unlocked: I’m in The Guardian, only one week before Earth Day

Actually, I’m in their Thursday Down to Earth newsletter that goes out to thousands (maybe tens of thousands?) of people worldwide. I’m in their regular feature “The Change I Made.” Though I included a pic with Parker lounging in the sun, it was towards-the-street, so they chose a different one. Here it is!

As for childhood goal, well, I became a teenage environmentalist in the latter part of last century, and wore my Friends of the Earth T-shirt with pride. Earth Day is on April 22. If you’d ask me back then, I would have wanted to have been more ambitious and more accomplished by now, but as an adult who sees how much we have to bargain and compromise for every advance we make, I think I’ll take every win I can get. And share it, so that maybe it can become your win, as well. (Because, as YouTube personality Nick Lewis says, it’s good to set goals so low you can trip over them.)

Today has another win, as well:

I got my post-winter consumption scorecard from Hydro-Quebec (most homes in Quebec use electricity for heating, which I sometimes supplement with the pellet stove on cozy evenings). This winter was particularly bitter. You can see that in the comparison between this year and last year. Nonetheless, though I used 8.8% more energy than last winter, the difference in kWh between my increase (982 kWh) and the increase in the average usage (1285 kWh) of my comparison group was 303 kWh less. I was 24% more efficient.

You can read about my earlier success at reducing energy consumption here, when I used an incentive program to improve my insulation and weatherstripping and installed a pellet stove (eliminating a big energy guzzler, the old fireplace).

Personally, I did waste some electricity this winter by opening the patio door several many times a day to feed the squirrels (gimme a break, it was a bitter winter, and some of them I raised from infancy!), but I also had a bit of an open-wall problem for an extended period of time.

Because I had to open some walls to get at the service void early in the winter, I discovered an unpleasant truth about its 1980s construction. It’s still the case that houses are usually built with basements that the homeowner has to finish themselves, but in the 1980s, there was scant code about doing so, and sometimes homeowners skip code. The walls only used 2x3s for studs, not the typical 2×4 or modern standard of 2×6. They didn’t have a gap behind the studs to accommodate rigid insulation, it was just wall, stud, batt in between, paper vapour barrier, and then drywall or firring strips and wainscot panel. And that was just on the exterior-foundation walls! Interior walls don’t “need” any insulation, but some walls that should have had insulation anyway had none – not even from the service void behind the back of the closet of the TV den, nor along the wall next to the slab of the garage. Gosh darn it.

Adding insulation: NBD, nice payoff

So before Christmas, I rectified the under-insulation both in the basement and in weather sealing my over-the-garage storage space. I made noticeable improvements in its gale-force leaky seams, and the door finally seals properly (and looks much better!), but I’ll have to revisit that space this summer.

It’s the basement that I’ll credit with the improvement: I put in Rockwool Safe’n’Sound insulation all along the party wall wainscotting, from the fire blocking on down. As soundproofing, it has no R value, but it still insulates, and it drastically improved the acoustics of my TV room (benefit: nighttime tinnitus goes *poof*). Behind the closet wall and along the garage slab, I put in Rockwool Comfortbatt (R14).

Cost: $200 and two half days of work, plus extra time for painting. I was waiting to do this work before the painting that needed to be done, and now it looks good. (I corrected a weird choice made by the people who built my basement: they used tapered drywall, and did not fill in the taper where it met with the wainscotting. I hadn’t noticed it until I painted the long wall white; now I couldn’t unsee it.)

Still, the unpleasant reality of how under-insulated my basement is, with some other changes wanting, behooves me to do a total renovation downstairs. I really do mean total, so I’ll do it in five years’ time, when the house will be 50 years old. Even if my energy use has proven to be so scant as to not economically justify the expense of further insulation work, the fact that anything is cold or losing heat is something I want to address. I don’t want any surface in my house (aside from the window panes) to be radiating cold. I’d like the always-on heaters to be heating at 900W instead of 1500W. I’d like to have the same energy use overall, but I’d also like to not have cold feet or feel chill anywhere else. And no heat loss except when I open the doors to feed the birds and squirrels.

Mud Season! The first part of spring

After the end of winter comes mud season. This is when you get out and not-exactly-clean-up (too soon, let it linger) but lift and move around your decomposing plant matter, sweep the cinders away, set the rain barrel up in a good location (and don’t forget to use a rainbarrel diverter!), and prune whatever needs pruning before new growth.

It’s also a good time to just enjoy nature before it gives you too much gardening to do. Here’s something:

April is National Frog Month

As a favorite animal of children and nature enthusiasts alike, frogs are (still?) common enough to be readily found in the wild, yet diverse enough to capture interest. Frogs are bioindicators, which means a healthy frog population indicates a healthy ecosystem in general. City parks might give you the impression that they’d be devoid of such wildlife except closest to a river, but fun fact, Montreal – and most cities! – have exactly that kind of riparian habitat. And if you get outside and start actively searching in the unbuilt areas around our neighbourhoods, as well as suburbia and anywhere that’s not too bounded by concrete barriers, you can find living things, like frogs! Here’s a lovely article about doing exactly that, featuring the Spotted Salamander. Same technique. Give it a try.

In recent decades, many frog populations have been declining, and extinctions are increasingly becoming common. The deadly chytrid fungus is a major reason for that, but some populations are being succesfully inoculated with novel treatments such as frog saunas, where they’re given protected habitat they like, which is also too warm for the fungus to survive, and helping them generate immunity at the same time.

National Frog Month culminates on April 29 with Save the Frogs Day.

Did you know that . . .

• . . . there are no hard-and-fast criteria to differentiate between a frog and a toad? Generally speaking, however, toads have warty skin and short legs, while frogs have smooth skin and long legs.
• . . . frogs can breathe through their skin? Though their permeable skin helps them conserve energy, it also means that they can easily dry out, as water evaporates from their bodies much more rapidly than in land animals that have hair, scales, or feathers.
• . . . tadpoles are herbivorous, while adult frogs are carnivorous? Tadpoles largely eat algae in the water and play a role in keeping the waterways clean. Adults mostly eat insects, including ones like mosquitoes, which can carry diseases such as malaria that can be fatal to humans.
• . . . some tadpoles have colorful or otherwise distinctive tails? These elaborate tails are a defense mechanism. If a predator spots the tadpole, it will be more likely to attack the tail rather than the head. The tail may break off, but the tadpole will still survive.
• . . . frogs and toads have more than one type of call? Much like with birdsong, each call type has a different function and is accompanied by a certain behavior. Males have one call when they wish to attract a female, and another when they wish to ward off a rival male, for example. Some species of frogs use a distress call when caught by a predator. This loud sound might distract the predator or it might attract a second predator, in which case the frog can escape in the larger animals’ scuffle.

Note: I didn’t write this, but I got it from somewhere so long ago, that it’s no longer on the web (or perhaps it came from a paper source). I would like to cite the source, but I just don’t have it. Nonetheless, it’s stuff worth sharing.

If you’d like to learn more about frogs and how to identify them, see FrogWatch, AKA NatureWatch and just get out there for a morning (or evening). It’s like a newbie (experienced welcome!) introduction to taking frog censuses, with their How-to Guide walking you through it. Every observation counts, and make sure you drop them into iNaturalist, too.

Until tomorrow when the new mention in The Guardian comes out, that’s it for this month. Happy Earth Day, everybody!

Happy World Frog, Sparrow, and Rewilding Day! (March 20th)

Before talking about biodiversity, a bit of site news. Over the past year, I’ve been updating this website by paring down and consolidating blog topics, but also elaborating on them. Mostly I stuck to the context of what was going on at the time of their publication, but sometimes I added a quick update in the post. And sometimes I overhauled and republished it anew. I now have a lot more visitors than before (still modest, though), because it’s good to enjoy the simple life!

Now that I’ve combed through my content history and brought it up to a certain standard, I’m thinking about what else this Big City, Little Homestead website could do. I’m having trouble coming up with a new name, or even a reason to change it.

I hope to continue making 4 or so blog posts a year, usually projects to build and observations I make about nature or whatever. But that’s just holding a pattern, and I’m looking to shake something up. I have an upcoming new-roof project, and last October, I changed up the basic configuration of my front yard so I have some new ideas to update the landscaping. I’ll blog about both of these when they’re underway. But I want to do something else, something more.

A photo archive-and-use project

I got to this present state through an effort I began during the pandemic. That’s when I began organizing, harmonizing, and sometimes publicizing my photos and other resources  – and I did so exhaustively. It continued on a monthly basis, for years, because I was going through 20+ years of digital and scanned photographs. Finally knowing where all my photos were helped me massively improve my photos here. Even considering they were the same pics I used at the time, I could use them at higher resolution.

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Sugar ants aren’t pests – they’re harmless and helpful!

This very popular blog post has been refreshed and updated for Spring 2024 (and thereafter).

Photo caption: A legion (not an army, but part thereof!) of sugar ants committed mass suicide in my bottle of honey. In honour of those that might resurrect – I can see some of them will – I pooled it in the sink and gave them a chance to extract themselves (and several did). A few less foolhardy brothers and sisters are supping from the edges.

It’s spring again— and people don’t know what to make of the teeny-tiny ants that march indoors like school children on spring and summer days (when they should be outside!). They can’t be mistaken for carpenter ants. But, unfortunately for them and all the other ant species that aren’t carpenter ants, all searches end up on results about killing them. As if they were as dangerous as carpenter ants. Carpenter ants won’t hurt you, but their infestations are dangerous to your house – they devour wood.  They’re the only ones you need to be vigilant about. (OK, maybe fire ants too, but usually they’re outdoors, minding their own business).

Common talk, mass media, and the extermination industry has effectively enabled people to think that insects are disgusting and undesirable. This is just flat-out wrong. Bugs aren’t your enemy. All it takes to realize that, is to observe them objectively, doing nothing but watch—and if that isn’t enough, it always helps to do a little research.

Of course, when you try to do some research, you have to get past the “get rid of” them websites. The truth takes lot more digging. So that’s what this blog post is about.

So, those teeny-tiny ants you see in spring, visiting your plants, maybe visiting the fruit on your kitchen counter? The name of this kind of ant is Tapinoma sessile. Here’s the path I took to research it some more:

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Spiders definitely allowed

Sorry (not sorry) if you might be a tad arachnophobic, but here’s the thing: I was terrified of spiders as a kid all the way through to some point of being a grown-up. It was after being a grown-up. When I was 23 or 24, I made a boyfriend check and check again regarding the presence he’d reported of a giant wolf spider in the bathroom. “It was THIS BIG!”… and thankfully it got out of there before harm came to it. Whatever you feel as an arachnophobe, I used to feel it too.

And what fixed that? Looking at spiders and learning about them, and having so very few actual bad experiences and spider bites. It’s like every bite when I was a child could have come from a black fly or mosquito (horse flies: the worst!), but just like I was the family scapegoat, I devolved scapegoating onto whatever spider was at hand. Poor things.

The start of this arc of moral development was house-painting as a teenager, when I painted the leg of a daddy long-legs (they escaped my hideous fear), and watched it carefully clean its leg off. That’s when I realized they have troubles of their own. It was the dawn of my waking up.

So now, when I’m on the boat, I have a rule: leave the spiders alone or put them out on the dock. If you encounter one while on the water, then trap it for the trip, and release it at the end.

And in my house, I have a rule: All rooms can have a resident spider, one per room. Except that I hardly enforce it. I’m really lazy about enforcing it for daddy long-legs, and just keep an eye out for the other, speedier kinds (the pale yellow house spider, unidentified, others). I have to dust for cobwebs a few times a year.

I always put these guys outdoors simply because I think they’ll have an easier time hunting:

If the spider count in a location is too much, I move the spider elsewhere. Usually outdoors if the weather is ok, but in winter, I move them to the garage or the cold cellar.

Windowsill Sentinel spiders

I tend to leave the screen off my kitchen and bathroom windows, so occasionally, I get a resident window-sill spider. These are speedy little predators who are very shy around people. Mostly. They tend to be more outgoing at night.

Back in 2012 I started this blog post about my Kitchen Spider who, of course, I named Charlotte. Here she is, in the kind of photograph I had of that time:

Charlotte’s web had a collection of prey (visible), but also its previous moult exoskeleton (out of frame). I was really quite surprised how small she was when she started out — she was a very tiny spider.

You’ll see that there’s greater clarity in a circle around the spider. This is the funnel of the web. Charlotte was a very subdued presence on the window sill, hanging out at the mouth of her cave but retreating whenever I startled her. When she was bold enough to come out of her cave, her leg span was that of a 25¢ piece. 

Soon, after more than a week without prey, her web wound around the frame of the window and various objects, and she even got off the window sill and wrapped a new web around the — I kid you not — handle of the kitchen faucet. I’m mentioning this because another kitchen spider does the same thing!

The first morning I just removed the web, but on the second morning, I felt a little sorry for her because the energy expenditure to do that work must mean she was hungry. I left the web intact, and just handled the faucet when I needed to use it. Eventually, the web tore off, so she moved it over to the left corner of the window, which was a better spot.  

Here’s a gallery:

Upstairs, this year, I had a gregarious spider who even allowed a friend of the same type to hang out for a couple of days (I had to rescue it out of the bath and put it out the window). Here’s the fabulous expanse of its web:

This kind of spider is called a Barn funnel spider in North America and a Domestic house spider in Europe; they look much scarier than they actually are – they are shy, opt to flee, and if they bite, they don’t even break the skin. I still get the squeamish “don’t touch me!” feeling when I get close to one, but knowing these things about them, I leave them in peace.

I even try to not disturb them in the garden, where I have to look for the funnel webs they create between plant leaves and other objects. This lucky spider, here, set up shop on my potting table. It even managed to drown itself in the potting sink during a rain. I placed its body back in the funnel web, and two days later, it was back as if resurrection was no big deal.

The orb-weaver spider

These guys are my second-favourite spider. From September until the frost comes, I won’t cross any area they’ve cordoned off with one of their webs. Including the patio door, which means I have to go downstairs to go out the back door.

The orb-weaver typically weaves a web between plants in meadows. Because it’s so energetically costly to weave a web, I’ve noticed that if one gets torn down by Big Clumsy (me, another animal, a bird), the spider rebuilds it with a zig-zag pattern. They will also consume their web and built it anew overnight, if it calls for it. I read once on the BBC website about bird-safe glass inspired by orb-weaver webs: apparently the silk contains proteins that show up in UV light so that birds don’t fly through in pursuit of insects.

And I even found a gravid spider (one that’s ready to lay eggs) hiding in the curl of a sunflower leaf:

My favourite: jumping spiders!

On Jim McCormack’s  birding blog, the post “Jumping spider!” jumped right out at me. (He always matches the enthusiasm nature calls for.) “Cute” is definitely the word I apply to jumping spiders. They’re tiny, and curious, and I just like them. Here’s a great macro picture of a little guy in side-eye “you lookin at me?” mode.

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebra_spider

Check out this super-cute (even if old) video of a curious jumping spider! And Instagram has plenty to help you get over your arachnophobia. It’s safe.

These spiders are everywhere, perfectly harmless, and at times they are perfectly helpless. I accidentally killed one while cleaning the bay window shelf, and I felt terrible about it. I’ll forever be more attentive than I was that day, as that’s one place they could make a permanent home.

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